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Management 193

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Question:

Hofstede's six dimensions for describing culture

Author: Sixten Bigner Af Klintberg



Answer:

(Symbolic framework) The model describes what distinguishes cultures of groups: 1. Power distance: How do people with little power relate to those with much power? Sweden has lower power distance than many other countries. 2. Individualism vs collectivism: Is the culture individualistic or collectivistic? Sweden is one of the most individualistic countries in the world. 3. Femininity vs masculinity: Does the culture have more feminine or masculine values? Note that this is clearly stereotypical and very controversial. 4. Uncertainty avoidance: The extent to which the members feel uncomfortable with uncertainty. Cultures with a lot of uncertainty avoidance try to standardize the behaviour of its individuals. 5. Long-term vs short-term orientation: Cultures with long-term orientation are pragmatic, while those with short-term have a historical and more normative perspective. 6. Indulgence vs restraint: Expression of emotions and gratification or not?


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