Groupthink symptoms (Janis)

(Symbolic framework) According to Janis' model groups composed of highly skilled members sometimes make insane decisions because of groupthink. The symptoms of groupthink are divided into three groups: 1. Overestimation of the group: An unquestionable belief in the group and that it is completely efficient. 2. Closed-mindedness: Members rationalize and explain away warning signs that the group is wrong. 3. Illusion of unanimity: Groupthink puts pressure on members to appear uniform and equal, making members who questions things seem disloyal to the group.