What is the basic mechanism of HF?

HFrEF: myocyte hypertrophy, alteration of contractile properties, loss of myocytes by necrosis and apoptosis, beta adrenergic desensitization, abnormal energy of myocytes, reorganization of matrix dissolution of structural collagen replaced by interstitial collagen matrix not structural type. Reduced ATP (in ischemia, slowed myocardial relaxation) Decreased LV compliance so decrease LV filling due to hypertrophy/fibrosis thus elevated EDV and EDP ->increased pulmonary capillary pressure -> dyspnea Hypertrophy will cause diastolic dysfunction