What were the key principles that the Founding Fathers wanted Congress to fulfill?

-Checks and Balances, with checks Within the Legislature, and between the Executive, Legislature, and Judiciary -Different term lengths providing different Representation in Congress. Senators are every 6 Years, making them less sensitive to Public opinion than Members of the House of Representatives, which are every 2 years -Protecting State Interests. The Senate demonstrates this clearly, with each state getting 2 Senators and only 2. This protected Smaller States, though enrages the big states such as California and Texas.